Urban III

Uberto Crivelli, Milanese by birth, was elected pope in 1185. Before his election, he had been archbishop of his native city. Because the Roman people were hostile to the office of the pope, Urban lived in Verona. Although he said he wanted to settle his predecessors' difficulties with Frederick I Barbarrossa, he refused to comply with the emperor's wish that his son, Henry, be crowned co-emperor. Urban suspended the Archbishop of Aquileia, who crowned Henry King of Italy. Pope and emperor also clashed over clerical appointments. Henry invaded the papal states to enforce his father's decisions, and a synod of bishops held at Gelnhausen supported the imperial choices. Urban planned to excommunicate Frederick but died in 1187 before he had done the deed.